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Federated chains

Chains with no block producer in the usual sense: validators propose sets of transactions and converge on one in rounds, and each validator counts only the validators it has chosen to trust — the Unique Node List on the XRP Ledger, quorum slices on Stellar. Anyone can run a validator, but it carries weight only once others list it, and nearly every node follows a default list published by a foundation or company behind the chain. Finality is fast; trust is placed in whoever is on the list.

How it works

Who makes a block	No single producer. Validators propose sets of transactions and converge on one in rounds.
Who may take part	Anyone can run a validator, but it counts only for the nodes that list it as trusted. In practice almost every node follows a default list published by a foundation or company behind the chain.
How the chain agrees	On the XRP Ledger a set is accepted once 80% of a validator's trusted list agrees; on Stellar, once overlapping quorum slices agree (Federated Byzantine Agreement).
When a block is final	In seconds; there are no forks to wait out.
What an attack costs	Collusion or loss of enough listed validators: on the XRP Ledger, more than a fifth of the list can stop the ledger from closing. The real check is who writes the default list.

Methodology — the rules under which each chain's family was decided. Wrapped, staked and pegged claims are listed separately and never counted toward this total.